Restless Legs Syndrome

About Restless Legs Syndrome

Restless legs syndrome, also known as Willis Ekbom disease, is a sensory and motor condition involving an urge to move the legs, usually accompanied by uncomfortable sensations often described as crawling, tingling or pulling. Symptoms begin or worsen during periods of rest or inactivity, are partly or fully relieved by movement, and are worse in the evening or at night, which commonly disrupts sleep. DSM-5 includes it among the sleep wake disorders because of its effects on sleep, daytime functioning and mood. It ranges from mild and occasional to severe and is more common in older adults and women. It can run in families and is also associated with iron deficiency, pregnancy, kidney disease and some medications. The condition was described in the 17th century by the English physician Thomas Willis and later characterized by the Swedish neurologist Karl Ekbom. Assessment often includes checking iron levels, and treatment may include addressing iron deficiency, lifestyle measures and specific medications under medical supervision.